Seoul Semiconductor’s patented nPola
technology increases brightness levels 5 times
over existing LEDs. This technology took more
than 10 years to develop and is set to
revolutionise the LED lighting industry. nPola
stands for Numerous polarities and is related to
the substrate in which the LED is grown. nPola is
grown on a GaN (Gallium nitride) substrate,
whereas conventional LEDs use Sapphire or
Silicone substrate in which most of the energy is
converted to heat instead of light due to a defect
caused by lattice mismatch. nPola, however, does
not have the lattice mismatch issue like
conventional LEDs because the GaN epitaxy has
the same crystalline structure as the GaN growth
substrate. Furthermore, nPola technology
involves the utilization of the one of the nPola
non-polar planes in the GaN crystal, either the
a-plane or m-plane, whereas traditional LEDs
currently utilize the polar c-plane GaN epitaxy on
Sapphire or Silicon. nPola LEDs offer reduced
electrical resistance, increased electrical
efficiency, reduction in colour shift with varying
operating current and smaller device size.
With nPola, Seoul Semiconductor has already
improved the lumen density of LEDs by 5 times
over the conventional LEDs based on equivalent
die surface area and it expects to further improve
this margin to 10 times in future.
The purpose of this paper is to examine how chronobiologically effective cabin lighting increases comfort and well-being for passengers on long-haul flights.
A blank project that is built with the template for publishing papers in the proceedings of the Annual Conference on African Linguistics. See the ACAL proceedings documentation on our website for more details.
An introduction to LaTeX for beginners, designed to help scholars publish papers with the proceedings of the Annual Conference on African Linguistics. The template is built on Language Science Press's Overleaf template, and borrows heavily from the Pomona College Linguistics Overleaf Template.